Personal Details
- Full Name: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
- Date of Birth: 15 October 1931
- Place of Birth: Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India
- Parents: Jainulabdeen (father) and Ashiamma (mother)
- Date of Death: 27 July 2015
- Place of Death: Shillong, Meghalaya, India
Early Life and Education
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was born into a modest Tamil Muslim family. His father was a boat owner who ferried pilgrims between Rameswaram and Dhanushkodi. From a young age, Kalam displayed exceptional curiosity and a desire to learn.
After completing his schooling at Schwartz Higher Secondary School in Ramanathapuram, he graduated in Physics from St. Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli, in 1954. Kalam’s passion for flight and aeronautics led him to the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT), where he studied Aerospace Engineering.
Career and Achievements
Dr. Kalam’s career spanned over five decades and encompassed roles as a scientist, educator, and leader.
- Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO):
- Spearheaded the SLV-III project that placed Rohini Satellite in orbit in 1980, making India a member of the space-faring nations.
- Contributed to satellite technology advancements and space missions.
- Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO):
- Played a pivotal role in the development of India’s missile program, including Agni (intercontinental ballistic missile) and Prithvi (surface-to-surface missile).
- Known as the “Missile Man of India” for his groundbreaking work.
- Nuclear Tests (Pokhran-II):
- Instrumental in conducting the 1998 nuclear tests, which showcased India’s nuclear capability to the world.
- Presidency (2002-2007):
- Elected as the 11th President of India, gaining immense popularity as the “People’s President.”
- Advocated for a vision of Developed India by 2020, emphasizing education, technology, and economic progress.
- Education and Mentorship:
- Delivered over 500 lectures to inspire students across India.
- Became a visiting professor at several institutions, including IIMs, IITs, and central universities.
- Books Authored:
- Authored 25 books, with notable works including “Wings of Fire”, “Ignited Minds”, and “India 2020”.
- These books emphasize self-reliance, innovation, and youth empowerment.
- Awards and Recognitions:
- Padma Bhushan (1981)
- Padma Vibhushan (1990)
- Bharat Ratna (1997)
- Honored by 40+ international and national institutions with honorary doctorates.
Legacy
Dr. Kalam’s vision for a self-reliant and technologically advanced India continues to inspire policymakers, scientists, and youth. His contributions to India’s space and defense sectors laid the foundation for the country’s rise as a global power.
Even after his demise on 27 July 2015, his teachings resonate with millions. His life exemplifies simplicity, dedication, and the power of dreams.
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